Oral Pathology and Oral Microbiology

At the end of Oral Pathology & Microbiology course, the student should be able to comprehend -

The manifestations of common diseases, their diagnosis & correlation with clinical pathological processes.

An understanding of the oral manifestations of systemic diseases should help in correlating with the systemic physical signs & laboratory findings.

The student should understand the underlying biological principles governing treatment of oral diseases.

Microscopic study of common lesions affecting oral tissues through microscopic slides & projection slides.

Study of teeth anomalies/polymorphisms through tooth specimens & plaster casts.

Basic exercises in Forensic Odontology such as histological methods of age estimation and appearance of teeth in injuries.

A bird's eye view of the different pathological processes involving the oral cavity & oral cavity involvement in systemic diseases to be brought out. Interrelationship between General Medicine & General Surgery & Oral pathology to be emphasized.

Introduction to developmental disturbances - Hereditary, Familial mutation, Hormonal etc. causes to be highlighted.

Developmental disturbances of teeth - Etiopathogenesis, clinical features, radiological features & histopathological features as appropriate :- The size, shape, number, structure & eruption of teeth & clinical significance of the anomalies to be emphasized.

Developmental disturbances of oral & paraoral soft tissues - lip & palate - clefts, tongue, gingiva, mouth, salivary glands & face.

Etiopathogenesis, microbiology, clinical features, diagnosis, histopathology, immunology, prevention of dental caries & its sequelae.

Pulp & Periapical Pathology & Osteomyelitis. Etiopathogenesis & interrelationship, clinical features, microbiology, histopathology & radiological features (as appropriate) of pulp & periapical lesions & osteomyelitis.

Sequelae of periapical abscess - summary of space infections, systemic complications & significance.

Etiopathogenesis, microbiology, clinical features, histopathology & radiological features (as appropriate) of gingivitis, gingival enlargements & periodontitis. Basic immunological mechanisms of periodontal disease to be highlighted.

Microbiology, defence mechanisms including immunological aspects, oral manifestations, histopathogy and laboratory diagnosis of common bacterial, viral & fungal infections namely :-

Etiopathogenesis, clinical features, radiological & laboratory values in diagnosis of : Fibrous dysplasia, Cherubism, Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Paget's disease, Cleidocranial dysplasia, Rickets, Achondroplasia, Marfan's syndrome & Down's syndrome.

Ankylosis, summary of different types of arthritis & other developmental malformations, traumatic injuries & myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome.

Classification, etiopathogenesis, clinical features, histopathology, laboratory & radiological features (as appropriate) of Odontogenic cysts, Non-Odontogenic cysts, Pseudocysts of jaws & soft tissue cysts of oral & paraoral region.

Classification of Odontogenic, Non-Odontogenic & Salivary Gland Tumours. Etiopathogenesis, clinical features, histopathology, radiological features & laboratory diagnosis (as appropriate) of the following common tumours

Haemangioma,Lymphangioma, Neurofibroma, Schwannoma, Chondroma, Osteoma & Tori.

- Malignant Mesenchymal - Fibrosarcoma, Osteosarcoma, Giant cell tumour, Chondrosarcoma, Angiosarcoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, Lymphomas , Ewing’s sarcoma & Other Reticuloendothelial tumours.

- Benign Epithelial neoplasms - Pleomorphic Adenoma, Warthin's tumour, & Oncocytoma.

- Malignant Epithelial neoplasms - Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma, Acinic Cell Carcinoma & Adenocarcinomas.

Tumours of Disputed Origin - Congenital Epulis & Granular Cell Myoblastoma.

Metastatic tumours - Tumors metastasizing to & from oral cavity & the routes of metastasis.

Pyogenic & Giant cell granuloma, exostoses Fibrous Hyperplasia, Traumatic Ulcer & Traumatic Neuroma.

Attrition, Abrasion, Erosion, Bruxism, Hypercementosis, Dentinal changes, Pulp calcifications & Resorption of teeth.

Radiation effects of oral cavity, summary of Physical & Chemical injuries including allergic reactions of the oral cavity.

Brief review & oral manifestations, diagnosis & significance of common Blood, Nutritional, Hormonal & Metabolic diseases of Oral cavity.

Etiopathogenesis, clinical features & histopathology of the following common lesions. Lichen Planus, Lupus Erythematosus, Pemphigus & Pemphigoid lesions, Erythema Multiforme, Psoriasis, Scleroderma, Ectodermal Dysplasia, Epidermolysis bullosa & White sponge nevus..

Facial neuralgias - Trigeminal & Glossopharyngeal. VII nerve paralysis, Causalgia.

ORAL PRECANCER – CANCER : Epidemiology, aetiology, clinical and histopathological features, TNM classification, Recent advances in diagnosis.

Types of Biopsy, value of biopsy, cytology, histochemistry & frozen sections in diagnosis of oral diseases.

Sex and ethnic (racial) differences in tooth morphology and histological age estimation