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5th BDS Year
SYLLABUS |
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SYLLABUS |
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Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge |
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Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics |
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Oral
& Maxillofacial Surgery |
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Public
Health Dentistry |
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Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery |
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Paper No. –III : Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery |
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Teaching Scheme |
Examination Scheme |
Total Marks |
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Hours Per year |
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Lectures |
Practicals/Clinical |
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70 |
360 |
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430 Hrs |
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Theory Marks |
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Final |
Viva Voce |
Internal |
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70 |
20 |
10 |
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100 |
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Practical Marks |
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Final |
Internal |
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90 |
10 |
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100 |
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200 |
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ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY &
ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY |
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AIM OF THE COURSE |
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“To produce a graduate
who is competent in performing extraction of
teeth under both local and general anaesthesia,
prevent and manage related complications,
acquire a reasonable knowledge and understanding
of the various diseases, injuries, infections
occurring in the Oral & Maxillofacial region and
offer solutions to such of those common
conditions and has an exposure in to the
in-patient management of maxillofacial
problems.” |
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OBJECTIVES: |
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a) |
Knowledge & Understanding: At
the end of the course and the clinical training
the graduate is expected to - |
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1. |
Able to apply the
knowledge gained in the related medical
subjects like pathology, microbiology
and general medicine in the management
of patients with oral surgical problem. |
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2. |
Able to
diagnose, manage and treat
(understand the principles of
treatment of) patients with oral
surgical problems. |
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3. |
Knowledge of range of surgical
treatments. |
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4. |
Ability to decide the
requirement of a patient to have oral
surgical specialist opinion or
treatment. |
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5. |
Understand the principles of in-patient
management. |
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6. |
Understanding of the
management of major oral surgical
procedures and principles involved in
patient management. |
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7. |
Should know ethical issues and
communication ability. |
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b) |
Skills: |
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1. |
A graduate should
have acquired the skill to examine any
patient with an oral surgical problem in
an orderly manner. Be able to understand
requisition of various clinical and
laboratory investigations and is capable
of formulating differential diagnosis. |
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2. |
Should be competent in the extraction
of teeth under both local and general
anaesthesia. |
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3. |
Should be able to
carry out certain minor oral surgical
procedures under L.A. like frenectomy,
alveolar procedures & biopsy etc. |
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4. |
Ability to assess,
prevent and manage various complications
during and after surgery. |
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5. |
Able to provide
primary care and manage medical
emergencies in the dental office. |
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6. |
Understanding of the
management of major oral surgical
problems and principles involved in
inpatient management. |
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DETAILED SYLLABUS |
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1. |
Introduction, definition, scope, aims and
objectives. |
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2. |
Diagnosis in oral surgery: |
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a. |
History taking |
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b. |
Clinical examination © Investigations. |
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3. |
Principles of infection
control and cross-infection control with
particular reference to HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis. |
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4. |
Principles of Oral Surgery - |
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Asepsis: Definition, measures to prevent
introduction of infection during surgery. |
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a. |
Biologic considerations for
maxillary and mandibular impression including
anatomy landmark and their interpretation. |
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1. |
Preparation of the patient |
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2. |
Measures to be taken by operator |
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3. |
Sterilisation of instruments - various methods
of sterilisation etc. |
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4. |
Surgery set up. |
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1. |
Pre- anaesthetic considerations &
Pre-medication: purpose, drugs used |
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2. |
Anaesthetic considerations - a) Local b) Local
with IV sedations |
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3. |
Use of general anaesthetic |
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c) |
Access: |
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Intra-oral: Mucoperiosteal
flaps, principles, commonly used
intra oral incisions. |
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Bone Removal: Methods of bone
removal. |
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Use of Burs: Advantages &
precautions |
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Bone cutting instruments:
Principles of using chisel &
osteotome. |
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Extra-oral:
Skin incisions - principles,
various extra-oral incision to
expose facial skeleton. |
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a) |
Submandibular & Pre auricular |
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b) |
Incision to expose maxilla & orbit |
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c) |
Bicoronal incision |
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d) |
Control of haemorrhage during
surgery Normal Haemostasis Local measures
available to control bleeding Hypotensive
anaesthesia etc. |
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e) |
Drainage & Debridement Purpose of drainage in
surgical wounds - Types of drains used |
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Debridement: purpose, soft tissue & bone
debridement. |
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Suturing: Principles, suture material,
classification, body response to various
materials etc. |
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g. |
Post operative care - Post operative
instructions |
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Physiology of cold and heat |
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Control of pain - analgesics |
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Control of infection - antibiotics |
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Control of swelling - anti-inflammatory drugs |
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Long term post operative follow up -
significance. |
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5. |
Exodontia: General considerations |
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Ideal Extraction. |
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Indications for extraction of teeth |
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Extractions in medically compromised patients. |
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Methods of extraction - |
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(a) Forceps or intra-alveolar or closed method. |
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Principles, types of movement, force etc. |
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(b) Trans-alveolar, surgical or open method |
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Indications, surgical procedure. |
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Dental elevators: uses, classification,
principles in the use of elevators, commonly
used elevators. |
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Complications of Exodontia - |
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Complications during exodontia |
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Common to both maxilla and mandible. |
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Post-operative complications - |
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Prevention and management of complications. |
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6. |
Impacted teeth: Incidence, definition, aetiology. |
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(a) Impacted mandibular third molar. |
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Classification, reasons for removal, |
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Assessment - both clinical & radiological |
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Surgical procedures for removal. |
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Complications during and after removal,
Prevention and management. |
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(b) Maxillary third molar, |
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Indications for removal, classification, |
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Surgical procedure for removal. |
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(c) Impacted maxillary canine |
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Reasons for canine impaction, |
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Localization, indications for removal, |
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Methods of management, labial and palatal
approach, |
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Surgical exposure, transplantation, removal etc. |
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7. |
Pre-prosthetic Surgery: |
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Definition, classification of procedures |
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(a) Corrective procedures: Alveoloplasty, |
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Reduction of maxillary tuberosities, |
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Frenoctemies and removal of tori. |
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(b) Ridge extension or Sulcus extension
procedures |
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Indications and various surgical procedures |
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(c) Ridge augmentation and reconstruction. |
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Indications, use of bone grafts, |
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Hydroxyapatite |
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Implants - concept of osseo integration |
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Knowledge of various types of implants and
surgical procedure to place implants. |
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8. |
Diseases of the maxillary sinus |
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Surgical anatomy of the sinus. |
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Sinusitis both acute and chronic |
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Surgical approach of sinus - Caldwell-Luc
procedure |
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Removal of root from the sinus. |
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Oro-antral fistula -
aetiology, clinical features and various
surgical methods for closure. |
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9. |
Disorders of T.M. Joint |
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Applied surgical anatomy of the joint. |
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Dislocation - Types, aetiology, clinical
features and management. |
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Ankylosis - Definition, aetiology, clinical
features and management |
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Myo-facial pain dysfunction syndrome, aetiology,
clinical features, management - |
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Non surgical and surgical. |
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Internal derangement of the joint. |
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Arthritis of T.M. Joint. |
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10. |
Infections of the Oral cavity |
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Introduction, factors
responsible for infection, course of odontogenic
infections, spread of odontogenic infections
through various facial spaces. |
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Dento-alveolar abscess - aetiology, clinical
features and management. |
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Osteomyelitis of the jaws -
definition, aetiology, pre-disposing factors,
classification, clinical features and
management. |
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Ludwigs angina - definition,
aetiology, clinical features, management and
complications. |
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11. |
Benign cystic lesions of the jaws - Definition,
classification, pathogenesis. |
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Diagnosis - Clinical features, radiological,
aspiration biopsy, use of contrast media and
histopathology. |
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Management - Types of
surgical procedures, Rationale of the
techniques, indications, procedures,
complications etc. |
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12. |
Tumours of the Oral cavity - General
considerations |
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Non odontogenetic benign tumours occuring in
oral cavity - fibroma, papilloma, lipoma,
ossifying fibroma, mynoma etc. |
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Ameloblastoma - Clinical features, radiological
appearance and methods of management. |
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Carcinoma of the oral cavity - |
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Biopsy - types |
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TNM classification. |
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Outline of management of
squamous Cell carcinoma: surgery, radiation and
chemotherapy Role of dental surgeons in the
prevention and early detection of oral cancer. |
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13. |
Fractures of the jaws -
General considerations, types of fractures,
aetiology, clinical features and general
principles of management. mandibular fractures -
Applied anatomy, classification. |
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Diagnosis - Clinical and radiological |
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Management - Reduction closed and open Fixation
and immobilisation methods |
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Outline of rigid and semi-rigid internal
fixation. |
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Fractures of the condyle -
aetiology, classification, clinical features,
principles of management. |
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Fractures of the middle third of the face. |
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Definition of the mid face,
applied surgical anatomy, classification,
clinical features and outline of management. |
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Alveolar fractures - methods of management |
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Fractures of the Zygomatic complex |
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Classification, clinical
features, indications for treatment, various
methods of reduction and fixation. |
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Complications of fractures - delayed union,
non-union and malunion. |
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14. |
Salivary gland diseases - Diagnosis of salivary
gland diseases’ Sialography, contrast media,
procedure. |
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Infections of the salivary glands |
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Sialolithiasis - Sub mandibular duct and gland
and parotid duct. |
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Clinical features, management. |
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Salivary fistulae |
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Common tumours of salivary
glands like Pleomorphic adenoma including minor
salivary glands. |
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15. |
Jaw deformities - Basic forms - Prognathism,
Retrognathism and open bite. |
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Reasons for correction. |
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Outline of surgical methods carried out on
mandible and maxilla. |
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16. |
Neurological disorders -
Trigeminal neuralgia - definition, aetiology,
clinical features and methods of management
including surgical. |
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Facial paralysis - Aetiology, clinical features. |
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Nerve injuries - Classification, neurorhaphy
etc. |
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17. |
Cleft Lip and Palate -
Aetiology of the clefts, incidence,
classification, role of dental surgeon in the
management of cleft patients. |
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Outline of the closure procedures. |
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18. |
Medical Emergencies in dental practice - |
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Primary care of medical emergencies in dental
practice particularly - |
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(a) Cardio vascular (b) Respiratory (c)
Endocrine |
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(d) Anaphylactic reaction (e) Epilepsy (f)
Epilepsy |
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19. |
Emergency drugs & Intra muscular I.V. Injections
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Applied anatomy, Ideal location for giving these
injections, techniques etc. |
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20. |
Oral Implantology |
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21. |
Ethics |
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LOCAL ANAESTHESIA: |
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Introduction, concept of
L.A., classification of local anaesthetic
agents, ideal requirements, mode of action,
types of local anaesthesia, complications. |
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Use of Vaso constrictors in local anaesthetic
solution - |
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Advantages, contra-indications, various vaso
constrictors used. |
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Anaesthesia of the mandible - |
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Pterygomandibular space - boundaries, contents
etc. |
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Interior Dental Nerve Block - various techniques |
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Complications |
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Mental foramen nerve block |
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Anaesthesia of Maxilla - |
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Intra - orbital nerve block. |
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Posterior superior alveolar nerve block |
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Maxillary nerve block – techniques |
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GENERAL ANAESTHESIA – |
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Concept of general anaesthesia. |
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Indications of general anaesthesia in dentistry. |
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Pre-anaesthetic evaluation of the patient. |
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Pre-anaesthetic medication - advantages, drugs
used. |
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Commonly used anaesthetic agents. |
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Complication during and after G.A. |
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I.V. sedation with Diazepam and Medozolam. |
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Indications, mode of action, technique etc. |
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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
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Use of oxygen and emergency drugs. |
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Tracheostomy. |
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RECOMMENDED BOOKS: |
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1. |
Impacted teeth; Alling John F & etal. |
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2. |
Principles of oral and maxillofacial surgery;
Vol.1,2 & 3 Peterson LJ & etal. |
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3. |
Text book of oral and maxillofacial surgery;
Srinivasan B. |
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4. |
Handbook of medical emergencies in the dental
office, Malamed SF. |
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5. |
Killeys Fractures of the mandible; Banks P. |
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6. |
Killeys fractures of the middle 3rd of the
facial skeleton; Banks P. |
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7. |
The maxillary sinus and its dental implications;
McGovanda |
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8. |
Killey and Kays outline of oral surgery –
Part-1; Seward GR & etal |
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9. |
Essentials of safe dentistry for the medically
compromised patients; Mc Carthy FM |
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10. |
Oral & maxillofacial surgery, Vol 2; Laskin DM |
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11. |
Extraction of teeth;Howe, GL |
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12. |
Minor Oral Surgery; Howe.GL |
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13. |
Contemporary oral and maxillofacial surgery;
Peterson I.J.& EA |
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14. |
Oral and maxillofacial infections; Topazian RG &
Goldberg MH |
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more |
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