General Surgery

Paper No. –II : General Surgery

GENERAL SURGERY 

To acquaint the student with various diseases, which may require surgical expertise and to train the student to analyze the history and be able to do a thorough physical examination of the patient. The diseases as related to head and neck region are to be given due importance, at the same time other relevant surgical problems are also to be addressed. At the end of one year of study the student should have a good theoretical knowledge of various ailments, and be practically trained to differentiate benign and malignant diseases and be able to decide which patient requires further evaluation.

The development of surgery as a speciality over the years, will give the students an opportunity to know the contributions made by various scientists, teachers and investigators. It will also enable the student to understand the relations of various specialities in the practice of modern surgery.

Introduction to various aspects of surgical principles as related to orodental diseases. Classification of diseases in general. This will help the student to understand the various diseases, their relevance to routine dental practice.

Their classification, wound healing, repair, treatment of wounds, medico-legal aspects of accidental wounds and complications of wounds.

Of soft and hard tissues. Causes of inflammation, varieties, treatment and sequelae.

Acute and chronic abscess skin infections, cellulitis, carbuncle, and erysepelas. Specific infections such as tetanus, gangrene, syphilis, gonorrhoea, tuberculosis, Actinomycosis, Vincents angina, cancrum oris. Pyaemia, toxaemia and septicaemia.

HIV and Hepatitis B with special reference to their prevention and precautions to be taken in treating patients in a carrier state.

Classification, causes, clinical features and management of various types of shock. Syncope, Circulatory collapse. Haemorrhage – different types, causes, clinical features and management. Blood groups, blood transfusion, precautions and complications of blood and their products. Hemophilia’s, their transmission, clinical features and management especially in relation to minor dental procedures.

Classification, clinical examination and treatment principles in various types of benign and malignant tumours, ulcers, cysts, sinus and fistulae.

Especially those occurring in head and neck region. Special emphasis on identifying diseases such as tubercular infection, lymphomas, leukaemias, metastatic lymph node diseases.

Infective and malignant diseases of the oral cavity and oropharynx including salivary glands with special emphasis on preventive aspects of premalignant and malignant diseases of the oral cavity.

Infections and tumours affecting these sites. Indications, procedure and complications of tracheostmy.

Surgical problems associated with nervous system with special reference to the principles of peripheral nerve injuries, their regeneration and principles of treatment. Detailed description of afflictions of facial nerve And its management. Trigeminal neuralgia, its presentation and treatment.

General principles of fractures, clinical presentation and treatment with additional reference to newer methods of fracture treatment. Special emphasis on fracture healing and rehabilitation.

Principles as applicable to minor surgical procedures including detailed description of asepsis, antiseptics, sterilisation, principles of anaesthesia and principles of tissue replacement. Knowledge of sutures, drains, diathermy, cryosurgery and use of Laser in surgery.

Surgical anatomy and development of face. Cleft lip and cleft palate—principles of management.

 Surgical anatomy, pathogenesis, clinical features and management of dysfunction of thyroid and parathyroid glands. Malignant diseases of the thyroid—classification, clinical features and management.

Differential diagnosis and management of different types of swellings of the jaw.

Different types of biopsies routinely used in surgical practice. Skills to be developed by the end of teaching is to examine a routine swelling, ulcer and other related diseases and to perform minor surgical procedures such as draining an abscess, taking a biopsy etc.